FORTRAN

Fortran Online Resouces
Univeity of Michigan-Dearborn, Computer and Information Science This site contai History of Fortran Language and lot of links to useful sites. http://www.engin.umd.umich....

Variables and the names of variables
Fundamentals of Fortran Computation Variables and the names of variables Integer A whole number. It may...

Operations and Expressions
Operatio and Expressio FORTRAN provide five basic arithmetic operatio: Addition + Subtraction - Multiplication * Div...

FORTRAN Tutorials – Input and Output
Input and Output FORTRAN provides a great deal of power and flexibility in the reading of data and printing of results. And for the experienced programmer this power and fle...

Writing and Running a FORTRAN Program
STOP and END Statements STOP This statement may be written whenever it is necessary to stop executing statements in a program. There is normally a STOP a...

FORTRAN DO Statement
The DO Statement This statement makes it possible to execute a section of a program repeatedly, with automatic changes in the value of an integer variable between...

FORTRAN File Handling
File Handling So far we have assumed that the input/output has been to the standard input or the standard output. It is also possible to read or write from file...

FORTRAN Logical expressions
Trafer of control Some times we want to execute statements in some order other than the normal one-after-the-other sequence. Sometimes we shall return to the begi...

FORTRAN Logical Operators
Logical Operato The logical operato are: Logical Operato. Logical Operato...

FORTRAN Arrays
Arrays Many scientific computatio use vecto and matrices (subscripted variables). The data type Fortran uses for representing such objects is the array. A one-dimeional array corresponds to a vect...

FORTRAN Subroutines and Functions
Subroutines and Functio When a program is more than a few hundred lines long, it gets hard to follow. Fortran codes that solve real engineering problems often have te of thousands of lines. The onl...

History of FORTRAN Language
History One of the oldest programming languages, the FORTRAN was developed by a team of programme at IBM led by John Backus, and was fit published in 1957. The name FORTRAN is an acronym for FORm...

FORTRAN parameter statement
For example, the circle area program should have been written like this: program circle real r, area, pi parameter (pi = 3.14159) c This program reads a real number r and prints c the area of a c...

FORTRAN Expressions and assignments
Cotants The simplest form of an expression is a cotant. There are 6 types of cotants, corresponding to the 6 data types. Here are some integer cotants: 1 0 -111 41767 +17Then we...

FORTRAN Logical Expressions
A logical expression can be formed by comparing arithmetic expressio using the following relational operato: .LT. mea less than (<) .LE. less than or equal (<=) .GT. greater than (>) .GE....

FORTRAN if statements
The simplest one is the logical ifstatement: if ( logical expression) executable statement This has to be written on one line. This example finds the absolute value of x: if (x .LT. 0) x = -x If m...

FORTRAN Loops
Fortran 77 has only one loop cotruct, called the do-loop. The do-loop corresponds to what is known as a for-loop in other languages. Other loop cotructs have to be simulated using the if and goto st...

Arrays in Fortran 77
To fully undetand how this works in Fortran 77, you will have to know not only the syntax for usage, but also how these objects are stored in memory in Fortran 77.One-dimeional arraysThe si...