Magnet Strength Lab

Move a magnet closer and farther from a pile of paperclips, observe how many it attracts, and record your measurements. Compare three different magnet types to discover how distance and magnet strength affect magnetic force.

Guided Experiment: How Does Distance Affect Magnet Strength?

What do you predict will happen to the number of paperclips attracted as the magnet moves farther away? Will the drop be gradual or sudden?

Write your hypothesis in the Lab Report panel, then click Next.

Controls

Magnet Type

Rare-earth magnet. Very powerful for its size. Used in speakers and motors.

NS2.0 cm6clips
cm
0.5 cm (very close)10 cm (far away)
Paperclips attracted
6
Distance: 2.0 cm
Magnet: Strong (Neodymium)

Distance vs. Paperclips Graph

0.52468100481216Distance (cm)PaperclipsRecord measurements to see your data plotted here.

Data Table

(0 rows)
#Distance (cm)Paperclips AttractedMagnet Type
0 / 500
0 / 500
0 / 500

Reference Guide

What Is a Magnet?

A magnet is an object that produces a magnetic field. This invisible field pulls certain metal objects, like iron and steel, toward the magnet without touching them. Paperclips are made of steel, which is why magnets attract them.

Attract. Pull toward the magnet.
Repel. Push away from the magnet.
Magnetic field. The invisible region where force acts.

Every magnet has two poles called North and South. Opposite poles attract. Like poles repel.

Types of Magnets

Not all magnets are the same strength. The material a magnet is made from determines how powerful it is.

Neodymium (rare-earth). Extremely strong. Used in hard drives, headphones, and electric motors. Can hold hundreds of times its own weight.
Ceramic (ferrite). Medium strength. Common in loudspeakers and refrigerator magnets. Inexpensive and durable.
Flexible (refrigerator). Weak strength. Made from rubbery composite material. Just strong enough to hold paper.

Distance and Magnetic Force

Magnetic force weakens as distance increases. This is not a simple halving. Doubling the distance causes the force to drop much more than half. Scientists describe this as an inverse relationship.

Close to the magnet. Strong pull. Many paperclips attach.
Farther away. Weaker pull. Fewer clips stay on.
Far enough away. No attraction at all.

This is why you need to hold a magnet very close to a metal object to pick it up, but cannot pick it up from across the room.

Magnets in Real Life

Understanding how magnet strength changes with distance helps engineers design reliable devices.

MRI machines. Use very powerful magnets to image the inside of the human body without surgery.
Maglev trains. Float above the track using magnetic repulsion, reducing friction for high speeds.
Credit card readers. Detect the magnetic stripe on cards only when swiped close to the reader.
Wireless charging. Uses magnetic induction to transfer energy over short distances without wires.