Mole Conversion Roadmap Cheat Sheet

Key Facts

• The mole is a counting unit, and $1\text{ mol} = 6.022 \times 10^{23}$ particles.
• Molar mass is found from the periodic table and is measured in $\text{g/mol}$.
• To convert grams to moles, use $\text{mol} = \frac{\text{grams}}{\text{molar mass}}$.
• To convert moles to grams, use $\text{grams} = \text{mol} \times \text{molar mass}$.
• To convert particles to moles, use $\text{mol} = \frac{\text{particles}}{6.022 \times 10^{23}}$.
• To convert moles to particles, use $\text{particles} = \text{mol} \times 6.022 \times 10^{23}$.
• At STP, $1\text{ mol}$ of any ideal gas occupies $22.4\text{ L}$, so $\text{mol} = \frac{\text{L}}{22.4\text{ L/mol}}$.
• A mole ratio comes from coefficients in a balanced equation, such as $\frac{2\text{ mol H}_2\text{O}}{2\text{ mol H}_2}$ from $2\text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O}$.

Vocabulary

Mole

A mole is an amount of substance equal to $6.022 \times 10^{23}$ representative particles.

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's number is $6.022 \times 10^{23}$ particles per mole.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of $1\text{ mol}$ of a substance, usually measured in $\text{g/mol}$.

Representative Particle

A representative particle is the basic unit being counted, such as an atom, molecule, formula unit, or ion.

Molar Volume

Molar volume is the volume of $1\text{ mol}$ of gas, which is $22.4\text{ L}$ at STP for an ideal gas.

Mole Ratio

A mole ratio is a conversion factor made from coefficients in a balanced chemical equation.