Chemistry Tools

Interactive periodic table with all 118 elements. Search by name or symbol, compare elements side-by-side, and view by category, electronegativity, phase, or orbital block.

Enter any chemical formula to compute molar mass, element breakdown with mass percentages, and step-by-step calculations. Supports parenthesized groups.

Solve PV=nRT for any variable with unit support for pressure, volume, and temperature. Gas particle visualization and step-by-step math.

Enter pH, pOH, [H+], or [OH-] to compute all four. Color-coded pH scale bar, acid/base classification, and step-by-step KaTeX.

Three modes: compute molarity from mass, dilution M1V1=M2V2, and solution preparation. Beaker visualization and step-by-step math.

Enter an unbalanced chemical equation and get integer coefficients, color-coded atom counts, and step-by-step verification that every element balances.

Look up any of the 118 elements to see full electron configuration, noble gas shorthand, orbital box diagram, valence electrons, and oxidation states.

Enter a substance and quantity in grams, moles, molecules, or liters at STP to convert between all units with a mole map and dimensional analysis.

Enter a molecular formula to generate its Lewis structure with bonds, lone pairs, VSEPR geometry, and bond angles. Step-by-step valence electron counting.

Enter a chemical reaction to assign oxidation numbers, identify what is oxidized and reduced, and find oxidizing and reducing agents with electron transfer count.

Trace the complete radioactive decay series for U-238, U-235, and Th-232. See each isotope step with decay mode, half-life, and energy on a cascade diagram or N-Z nuclide chart.

Calculate boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, osmotic pressure, and vapor pressure lowering for any solution. Supports water, benzene, camphor, and more solvents with preset solutions like NaCl, antifreeze, and IV saline.

Select two elements to see electronegativity difference, bond type (nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic), dipole moment in Debye, percent ionic character, and partial charges. Interactive SVG shows electron density cloud shifted toward the more electronegative atom.

Select a VSEPR molecular geometry to see a 3D perspective SVG rendering with bond angles, lone pairs, and atom labels. Drag to rotate. Covers all 10 geometries: linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, octahedral, and more. Includes preset molecules (H2O, NH3, CH4, SF6, PCl5).

Four equilibrium chemistry modes: build ICE tables and solve for equilibrium concentrations, compare reaction quotient Q to K and predict shift direction, calculate molar solubility from Ksp with optional common ion effect, and solve weak acid/base Ka or Kb for pH and percent ionization. Step-by-step solutions with KaTeX.

Interactive titration curve tool for strong acid-strong base, weak acid-strong base, weak base-strong acid, and diprotic acid titrations. See real-time pH curve, buffer regions, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, equivalence points, buffer capacity, and indicator color overlays.

Interactive P-T phase diagram for water, CO₂, ethanol, and nitrogen. Click to identify phases, view heating curves at any pressure, explore triple and critical points, apply Clausius-Clapeyron to shift boiling points, and see colligative effects of dissolved solutes on phase boundaries.

Explore the particle model of matter with animated solids, liquids, and gases. Dissolve materials and check conservation of mass. Decide if mixing makes a new substance or not.

Drag substances into solid, liquid, or gas zones. Visual particle animations show spacing and motion for each state. Three difficulty levels work through 6 to 12 substances with hints and a final score.

Click any element family on a color-coded periodic table to highlight all members, explore shared properties, and see real-world examples. Nine families from alkali metals to noble gases.

Drag particle sets into three classification zones (element, mixture, compound) and receive instant feedback. Ten preset particle sets including O2, H2O, NaCl, CO2, salt+water, sand+water, and air. SVG diagrams show atom types and bonds with color-coded circles. Score counter, homogeneous/heterogeneous distinction, and separation method badges. Three difficulty presets.

Predict and build a tower of six liquids (honey, corn syrup, dish soap, water, vegetable oil, rubbing alcohol) ordered by density. Drop six floating objects (grape, Lego brick, ping pong ball, steel bolt, wood chip, ice cube) to see where each settles based on its density vs surrounding liquids. Score your predictions before and after the pour.

Three-tab atomic builder. Atom tab: adjust proton/neutron/electron counts (H through Ca) to see Bohr model SVG, element name, isotope notation, electron configuration, and ion charge. Molecule tab: explore 8 preset molecules (H2, O2, H2O, CO2, NH3, CH4, NaCl, HCl) with SVG structural diagrams and bond type info. Ion tab: click common ions to see why each forms its specific charge.

Slide a pH scale (0.0-14.0) and watch three indicator strips change color: universal indicator, litmus, and red cabbage. Real-world examples appear near the current pH (battery acid, lemon juice, coffee, water, baking soda, bleach). Displays H+ and OH- concentrations in scientific notation plus a safety badge. Neutralization tab shows two reagents combining with a result pH and chemical equation.

Verify the law of conservation of mass using six preset chemical reactions (baking soda + vinegar, iron rusting, hydrogen + oxygen, carbon combustion, copper + silver nitrate, sodium + water). SVG two-pan balance tilts when reactant and product masses differ. Edit reactant masses to simulate open-system mass loss (e.g. CO2 escaping). Percent error display + molar mass calculator.

Choose one of 8 mixtures (sand+water, salt+water, iron filings+sand, oil+water, gravel+sand+salt, alcohol+water, milk+cream, coffee) and apply one of 5 separation methods (filtration, evaporation, distillation, magnetism, decanting). SVG animations show each process. Success or failure feedback with a kid-friendly explanation of why the method works or does not work.

Select two elements from a 20-element grid and see whether they form ionic, polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, or metallic bonds based on electronegativity difference (Pauling scale). SVG bond animation shows electron transfer for ionic bonds and shifting electron cloud for covalent bonds. Displays bond energy, bond length, polarity arrow, and a real molecule example.

Interactive 3D viewer for seven common crystal lattices. Rotate, zoom, and pan with mouse or touch. Includes simple cubic, body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, diamond, hexagonal close-packed, NaCl rock salt, and CsCl. Toggle bonds, unit-cell edges, and 1x1x1 vs 2x2x2 supercell views. Info panel shows Bravais classification, lattice parameters, packing efficiency, atoms per unit cell, and real-world examples.

Build galvanic or electrolytic cells from a table of 30+ standard reduction potentials. Pick anode and cathode, see E°cell, the auto-balanced overall equation in KaTeX, Gibbs free energy, equilibrium constant, and spontaneity verdict. SVG schematic shows two beakers, salt bridge, voltmeter or external battery, and electron flow direction. Includes Nernst equation reference and real-world applications.