Biology Topic
DNA and Genetics
Explore how DNA encodes the instructions for life and how traits are inherited across generations. From base pairs to Punnett squares, genetics connects molecules to organisms.
Learning Path
DNA to Protein Poster
Visual guide tracing the central dogma from DNA to mRNA to protein. Covers transcription, translation, codons, and the genetic code.
View Poster →Genetics and Punnett Square Calculator
Generate Punnett squares for monohybrid, dihybrid, incomplete dominance, and sex-linked crosses. Color-coded SVG grid with genotype and phenotype ratios.
Open Tool →Mendelian Genetics and Punnett Square Lab
Perform monohybrid, dihybrid, and sex-linked crosses with interactive Punnett squares. Explore complete, incomplete, and codominance patterns with genotypic and phenotypic ratios.
Open Lab →Key Concepts
- DNA base pairs: A-T and G-C
- Transcription: DNA to mRNA in the nucleus
- Translation: mRNA to protein at ribosomes
- Dominant allele masks recessive allele
- Monohybrid cross: 3:1 phenotype ratio
More Resources
DNA Transcription Poster
Annotated diagram of DNA transcription including RNA polymerase, template strand, promoter sequences, and the production of pre-mRNA.
View Poster →DNA to Protein and Mutation Lab
Trace the central dogma from DNA to mRNA to protein. Explore reading frames, the codon table, and mutation types including silent, missense, nonsense, and frameshift.
Open Lab →Gel Electrophoresis Lab
Run virtual restriction digests and gel electrophoresis. Adjust voltage, gel concentration, and run time to separate DNA fragments and build standard curves.
Open Lab →DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis Cheat Sheet
Base pairing rules, transcription vs. translation, codons, and the central dogma summarized.
View Cheat Sheet →