Biology Topic
Natural Selection and Evolution
Discover how populations change over generations through natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and migration. Evolution is the unifying principle connecting all of biology.
Learning Path
Food Webs and Energy Pyramids Poster
Visual guide to energy flow through ecosystems and the 10% transfer rule. See how natural selection shapes predator-prey relationships and drives population change.
View Poster →Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Calculator
Calculate allele and genotype frequencies, test populations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with chi-square, and simulate evolutionary forces over generations.
Open Tool →Hardy-Weinberg and Natural Selection Lab
Simulate allele frequency changes across generations under selection, drift, mutation, and migration. Test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with chi-square analysis.
Open Lab →Key Concepts
- Hardy-Weinberg: p² + 2pq + q² = 1
- p + q = 1 (allele frequencies)
- Selection favors higher-fitness variants
- Genetic drift: random change in small populations
- Speciation: reproductive isolation over time
More Resources
Artificial Selection Lab
Simulate selective breeding over generations. Set a trait threshold, breed selected individuals, and verify the breeder's equation R = h²S with different heritabilities.
Open Lab →Molecular Evolution Lab
Compare hemoglobin DNA sequences across species. Measure percent identity, compute Jukes-Cantor distances, build phylogenetic trees, and study how mutations affect protein translation.
Open Lab →Population Growth Simulator
Simulate exponential, logistic, and Lotka-Volterra predator-prey population models with interactive plots. Discover carrying capacity, inflection points, and population dynamics.
Open Tool →