Cells
Cells are the smallest units that can carry out the functions of life, but they are far from simple. Inside every cell, specialized structures work together to move materials, make energy, copy DNA, and respond to signals. Learning cells is the key to understanding genetics, growth, healing, and how different tissues and organs function in the human body.
Learning Path
Cell Structure & Function
Get a clear overview of the main parts of cells and what each organelle does.
Open →Cell Cycle / Mitosis-Meiosis Viewer
Compare cell division processes side by side and see how DNA is passed on during growth and reproduction.
Open →Cell Biology Lab
Investigate core cell biology ideas through hands-on scenarios and observations.
Open →Cell Basics to Remember
Use this quick reference to review the most important cell concepts.
- All living things are made of cells, and cells carry out life processes.
- Cell structures such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and membrane have different jobs.
- Mitosis helps growth and repair; meiosis helps make sex cells and increases genetic variation.
More Resources
Tools
Labs
Worksheets
Cheat Sheets
Infographics
Explainers
Mnemonics
Common Questions
What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
Both are eukaryotic cells, but plant cells usually have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. Animal cells do not have cell walls or chloroplasts, and their shapes are often more flexible.
Why is cell division important?
Cell division allows organisms to grow, replace damaged cells, and reproduce. Mitosis makes genetically identical body cells, while meiosis produces sex cells with half the usual number of chromosomes.