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Consumer Credit Lab

Investigate how APR, loan term, and payment strategy affect borrowing costs. Compare scenarios, collect data in a table, and write up your findings in a lab report.

Guided Experiment: The Cost of Borrowing

How does the APR affect total interest paid on a $30,000 student loan over 10 years? Predict what happens when APR goes from 5% to 7% to 9%.

Write your hypothesis in the Lab Report panel, then click Next.

Loan Overview

Loan (5%, 10 yr)$38,183.59
Monthly Payment
$318.20
Total Interest
$8,183.59
Time to Payoff
10 yr

Controls

Loan Amount$30k
APR5.00%
Term120 mo (10.0 yr)
Extra Monthly Payment$0

Analysis

Monthly Payment
$318.20
Total Interest
$8,183.59
Total Paid
$38,183.59
Payoff Time
10 yr
Interest-to-Principal
27.3%
PMT Formula
M=Pr(1+r)n(1+r)n1M = P \cdot \frac{r(1+r)^n}{(1+r)^n - 1}

Data Table

(0 rows)
#ScenarioBalance($)APR(%)Monthly Payment($)MonthsTotal Interest($)Total Paid($)
0 / 500
0 / 500
0 / 500

Reference Guide

PMT Formula

The standard loan payment formula calculates the fixed monthly amount that fully amortizes a loan.

M=Pr(1+r)n(1+r)n1M = P \cdot \frac{r(1+r)^n}{(1+r)^n - 1}

P is the principal, r is the monthly rate (APR/12), and n is the total number of payments.

APR and Total Cost

APR (Annual Percentage Rate) determines how much interest accrues each month. Even small rate differences compound over time.

Imonthly=Balance×APR12I_{\text{monthly}} = \text{Balance} \times \frac{\text{APR}}{12}

A 2% difference in APR on a $300,000 mortgage can mean over $100,000 in additional interest over 30 years.

Minimum Payment Trap

Credit card minimum payments (typically 2% of balance or $25) shrink as the balance decreases. This means less and less of each payment goes toward principal.

Result: a $5,000 balance at 22% APR takes over 20 years with minimums. Paying a fixed $200/month clears it in under 3 years.

Short vs Long Terms

A shorter loan term means higher monthly payments but dramatically less total interest. A 15-year mortgage at 7% costs far less total than a 30-year at the same rate.

The trade-off is monthly budget flexibility. Longer terms have lower payments but you pay much more over the life of the loan.